Overview Small cell lung cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the lung.
The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped breathing organs that are found within the chest. The lungs bring oxygen into the body when breathing in and take out carbon dioxide when breathing out. Each lung has sections called lobes. The left lung has two lobes. The right lung, which is slightly larger, has three. A thin membrane called the pleura surrounds the lungs. Two tubes called bronchi lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the right and left lungs. The bronchi are sometimes also involved in lung cancer. Small tubes called bronchioles and tiny air sacs called alveoli make up the inside of the lungs.
Tumor Types These two types include many different types of cells. The cancer cells of each type grow and spread in different ways. The types of small cell lung cancer are named for the kinds of cells found in the cancer and how the cells look when viewed under a microscope:
• Small cell carcinoma (oat cell cancer). • Combined small cell carcinoma.
Symptoms These and other symptoms may be caused by small cell lung cancer. Other conditions may cause the same symptoms. Consult a doctor if any of the following problems occur:
• A cough that doesn’t go away. • Shortness of breath. • Chest pain that doesn’t go away. • Wheezing. • Coughing up blood. • Hoarseness. • Swelling of the face and neck. • Loss of appetite. • Weight loss for no known reason. • Unusual tiredness.
Treatment The type of treatment selected will depend upon tumor type and cancer stage as well as your general health. Five types of treatment are commonly used for small cell lung cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy, and endoscopic stent placement.